Q: 96 – Title: Can a person who has not yet performed his Fardh Hajj perform Hajj-Badal ? If he does, will he be absolved of his Fardh Hajj?

Question

Can a person who has not yet performed his Fardh Hajj perform Hajj-Badal? If he does, will he be absolved of his Fardh Hajj?

Answer
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salamu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullahi wa-barakatuh.

It is permissible for a person who has not yet performed his own Fardh Hajj to perform Hajj-Badal (on behalf of someone else). However, this is Makrooh (disliked).[i]
The person who is performing the Hajj-Badal will not be absolved of his Fardh Hajj since he is doing it on behalf of someone else.[ii]

And Allah Ta’ala Knows Best

Mawlana Abdul Hannan Nizami,
Student Darul Iftaa
USِA
Checked and Approved by,
Mufti Husain Kadodia.
www.daruliftaa.net

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[i] الفتاوى الهندية (1/ 257)
وَالْأَفْضَلُ لِلْإِنْسَانِ إذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يُحِجَّ رَجُلًا عَنْ نَفْسِهِ أَنْ يُحِجَّ رَجُلًا قَدْ حَجَّ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ، وَمَعَ هَذَا لَوْ أَحَجَّ رَجُلًا لَمْ يَحُجَّ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ يَجُوزُ عِنْدَنَا وَسَقَطَ الْحَجُّ عَنْ الْآمِرِ، كَذَا فِي الْمُحِيطِ
المحيط البرهاني في الفقه النعماني (2/ 478)
ومع هذا لو أحج رجلاً لم يحج عن نفسه حجة الإسلام يجوز عندنا، وسقط الحج عن الآمر

خير الفتاوي (4/156) مكتبه امداديه
فتاوي محموديه (10/401) ادارة الفاروق
[ii]الفتاوى الهندية (1/ 257)
ثُمَّ الصَّحِيحُ مِنْ الْمَذْهَبِ فِيمَنْ حَجَّ عَنْ غَيْرِهِ أَنَّ أَصْلَ الْحَجِّ يَقَعُ عَنْ الْمَحْجُوجِ عَنْهُ وَلِهَذَا لَا يَسْقُطُ بِهِ الْفَرْضُ عَنْ الْمَأْمُورِ وَهُوَ الْحَاجُّ
الهداية في شرح بداية المبتدي (1/ 178)
ثم ظاهر المذهب أن الحج يقع عن المحجوج عنه
الهداية في شرح بداية المبتدي (1/ 179)
ومن أمره رجلان بأن يحج عن كل واحد منها حجة فأهل بحجة عنهما فهي عن الحاج ويضمن النفقة " لأن الحج يقع عن الأمر حتى لا يخرج الحاج عن حجة الإسلام
بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع (2/ 212)
وَأَمَّا كَيْفِيَّةُ النِّيَابَةِ فِيهِ، فَذَكَرَ فِي الْأَصْلِ أَنَّ الْحَجَّ يَقَعُ عَنْ الْمَحْجُوجِ عَنْهُ

Q: 94 – Title: A person left a bequest for Haj to be performed on his behalf, after death, when the will was being executed it was found that Haj was more than 1/3 of that persons wealth. will that person be regarded as sinful?

Question

A person left a bequest for Haj to be performed on his behalf, after death, when the will was being executed it was found that Haj was more than 1/3 of that persons wealth. will that person be regarded as sinful?

Answer

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salamu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullahi wa-barakatuh.

If Hajj became fardh (compulsory) on the deceased this year and he had made intention to perform it but he passed away before he could perform it and it was not fardh on him before this year, he will not be sinful for not performing the Hajj because he did not get the time to perform it. However, if Hajj was fardh on him before this year and he delayed it and now passed away, he will be sinful because of not performing Hajj. In this case, it was w?jib (obligatory) for him to leave a bequest for Hajj to be performed on his behalf.

If he did leave a bequest (wasiyyat), it will be fardh on the inheritors to implement this if the cost of Hajj can be fulfilled from 1/3 of the inheritance. If the 1/3 of the inheritance is not enough for Hajj, the inheritors can- if they wish- pay for the surplus from their side. (It should be kept in mind that money cannot be taken from a non-mature (ghair-b?ligh). If the inheritors don’t agree to do this then they should send someone to do Hajj from such a location where the 1/3 would be enough for Hajj.

If the deceased did not leave a bequest there will be no obligation on the inheritors to perform Hajj on his behalf. However, if they decide to pay for it from their own money (albeit from what they received in the inheritance), the deceased will get the reward.[1] [2]

It should be kept in mind that the amount of money to be taken out for Hajj-e-badal is the minimum amount. This means that the Hajj should be Hajj-e-Ifrad and Umrah, Qiran and Tamattu’ should not be performed unless the person who gave the order of Hajj-e-badal permitted it[3]. Also, it should be kept in mind that the default ruling for Hajj-e-badal is that it has to be performed by a person who is in the same place as him. If there is not enough money to perform Hajj from the country of the deceased, one may pay someone closer to the Haram to do the Hajj-e-badal.[4]  [5]In this case they must ensure that the person that is being ordered to perform the Hajj-e-badal is only doing it on behalf of one person.

If there is not enough money left for even this, then the deceased will be sinful for not performing Hajj.

The inheritors may in this case pay and organise for a Hajj-e-badal to be performed on behalf of the deceased and Insha-allah, the person will be alleviated of the sin. Finally, it should be kept in mind that most of the costs of the Hajj have to be incurred by the person who gave the order for the Hajj to be valid.[6]

And Allah Ta’ala Knows Best

Checked and Approved by,
Mufti Husain Kadodia
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[1] فتاوى محمودية, ج, 15, ص.154, مكتبه محمودية
[2] خَرَجَ الْمُكَلَّفُ (إلَى الْحَجِّ وَمَاتَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ وَأَوْصَى بِالْحَجِّ عَنْهُ) إنَّمَا تَجِبُ الْوَصِيَّةُ بِهِ إذَا أَخَّرَهُ بَعْدَ وُجُوبِهِ، أَمَّا لَوْ حَجَّ مِنْ عَامِهِ فَلَا (فَإِنْ فُسِّرَ الْمَالُ) أَوْ الْمَكَانُ...
الدر المختار, ص.173, دار الكتب العلمية
[3] جواهر الفقه, ج.4?, ص.209

[4] فتاوى محمودية, ج.15, ص.???445, مكتبه محمودية
[5] فَإِنْ لم يُبَيِّنْ مَكَانًا يَحُجُّ عنه من وَطَنِهِ عِنْدَ عُلَمَائِنَا وَهَذَا إذَا كان ثُلُثُ مَالِهِ يَكْفِي لِلْحَجِّ من وَطَنِهِ فَأَمَّا إذَا كان لَا يَكْفِي لِذَلِكَ فإنه يَحُجُّ عنه من حَيْثُ يُمْكِنُ الْإِحْجَاجُ عنه بِثُلُثِ مَالِهِ كَذَا في الْمُحِيطِ

[6] جواهر الفقه, ج.4, ص.213